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  Narrated:

Yahya said that Malik related from Muhammad ibn Umara from Abu Bakr ibn Hazm that Uthman ibn Affan said, "When boundaries are fixed inland, there is no pre-emption in it. There is no pre-emption in a well or in male palm trees." Malik said, "This is what is done in our community." Malik said, "There is no pre-emption in a road, whether or not it is practical to divide it." Malik said, "What is done in our community is that there is no pre-emption in the courtyard of a house, whether or not it is practical to divide it." Malik spoke about a man who bought into a shared property provided that he had the option of withdrawal and the partners of the seller wanted to take what their partner was selling by pre-emption before the buyer had exercised his option. Malik said, "They cannot do that until the buyer has taken possession and the sale is confirmed for him. When the sale is confirmed, they have the right of pre-emption." Malik spoke about a man who bought land and it remained in his hands for some time. Then a man came and saw that he had a share of the land by inheritance. Malik said, "If the man's right of inheritance is established, he also has a right of preemption. If the land has produced a crop, the crop belongs to the buyer until the day when the right of the other is established, because he has tended what was planted against being destroyed or being carried away by a flood." Malik continued, "If the time has been long, or the witnesses are dead or the seller has died, or the buyer has died, or they are both alive and the basis of the sale and purchase has been forgotten because of the length of time, pre-emption is discontinued. A man only takes his right by inheritance which has been established for him. If his situation differs from this because the sale transaction is recent and he sees that the seller has concealed the price to sever his right of pre-emption, the value of the land is estimated, and he buys the land for that price by his right of pre-emption. Then the buildings, plants, or structures that are extra to the land are looked at, so he is in the position of someone who bought the land for a known price, and then after that built on it and planted. The owner of the pre-emption takes possession after that is included." Malik said, "Pre-emption is applied to the property of the deceased as it is applied to the property of the living. If the family of the deceased fear to break up the property of the deceased, then they share it and sell it, and they have no pre-emption in it." Malik said, "There is no pre-emption among us in a slave or a slave-girl or a camel, a cow, sheep, or any animal, nor in clothes or a well which does not have any uncultivated land around it. Pre-emption is in what can be usefully divided, and inland in which boundaries occur. As for what cannot be usefully divided, there is no pre-emption in it." Malik said, "Someone who buys land in which people who are present have a right of pre-emption, refers them to the Sultan and either they claim their right or the Sultan surrenders it to him. If he were to leave them, and not refer their situation to the Sultan and they knew about his purchase, and then they left it until a long time had passed and then came demanding their pre-emption, I do not think that they would have it."

قال يحيى إن مالك روى عن محمد بن عمرة عن أبي بكر بن حزم أن عثمان بن عفان قال: إذا ثبت في الداخل فلا شوط فيه ، ولا شوط في البئر ولا في ذكر النخيل. . " قال مالك: هذا ما يتم في مجتمعنا. قال مالك: ما في الطريق أسبقية ، سواء كان تقسيمه أم لا. قال مالك: "ما يصنع في مجتمعنا أنه ليس في فناء البيت شدة ، سواء كان تقسيمه عمليا أم لا". تحدث مالك عن رجل اشترى عقارًا مشتركًا بشرط أن يكون لديه خيار الانسحاب وأراد شركاء البائع أن يأخذوا ما يبيعه شريكهم عن طريق الشفعة قبل أن يمارس المشتري خياره. قال مالك ،

"لا يمكنهم فعل ذلك حتى يأخذ المشتري الحيازة ويتم تأكيد البيع له. وعندما يتم تأكيد البيع ، يكون لهم حق الشفعة." تحدث مالك عن رجل اشترى أرضا وبقيت في يديه مدة. فجاء رجل فرأى أن له نصيبا في الأرض. قال مالك: إذا ثبت حق الرجل في الميراث فله الشفعة أيضا ، فإذا أنتجت الأرض محصولا لمشتري المحصول إلى يوم ثبوت حق الآخر ؛ لأنه تميل ما تم زرعه ضد التدمير أو الانجراف بفعل الفيضان ". تابع مالك ،

إذا مضى الوقت طويلاً ، أو مات الشهود أو مات البائع ، أو مات المشتري ، أو كلاهما على قيد الحياة ونسي أساس البيع والشراء بسبب طول الوقت ، الشفعة توقف. لا يأخذ الرجل حقه إلا بالميراث الذي ثبت له. إذا اختلف موقفه عن هذا لأن صفقة البيع حديثة ويرى أن البائع قد أخفى الثمن للتخلي عن حقه في الشفعة ، تقدر قيمة الأرض ، ويشتري الأرض بذلك الثمن بحقه. من الشفعة. ثم ينظر إلى الأبنية والنباتات والتركيبات الزائدة عن الأرض ، فيكون في وضع من اشترى الأرض بثمن معروف ، ثم بعد ذلك بنى عليها وغرسها. قال مالك: "يطبق الشفعة على أموال المتوفى كما تسري على أموال الأحياء". وقال مالك: "إذا خاف أهل الميت من تشتيت أموال الميت ، فإنهم يتقاسمونه ويبيعونه ، وليس لهم فيه أسبقية".

"ليس بيننا أسبقية في عبد أو جارية أو جمل أو بقرة أو شاة أو أي حيوان ، ولا في الثياب أو البئر التي لا حولها أرض غير مزروعة. في ما يمكن تقسيمه بشكل مفيد ، وفي الداخل حيث تحدث الحدود. أما ما لا يمكن تقسيمه بشكل مفيد ، فلا يوجد فيه شدة ". قال مالك: من اشترى أرضاً فيها لأهل حاضرين فيها ، أحالها إلى السلطان فيطالبوا بحقهم ، أو يتنازل عنها السلطان له ، فإن تركهم ، ولم قم بإحالة وضعهم إلى السلطان وعلموا بشرائه ، ثم تركوه حتى مر وقت طويل ثم جاؤوا يطالبونهم بمبدأ الشفعة ، ولا أعتقد أنهم سيحصلون عليه ".

 

Ayah/Hadith of the Week Surah Al-Baqarah 2 (215)

يَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَ ۖ قُلْ مَا أَنفَقْتُم مِّنْ خَيْرٍ فَلِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ ۗ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ - 2:215   They ask you, [O Muhammad], what they should spend. Say, "Whatever you spend of good is [to be] for parents and relatives and orphans and the needy and the traveler. And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allah is Knowing of it."   Remembrance said in the morning and evening Duas from Hisnul Muslim 75 In the evening: أَمْسَيْـنا وَأَمْسـى المـلكُ لله وَالحَمدُ لله ، لا إلهَ إلاّ اللّهُ وَحدَهُ لا شَريكَ لهُ، لهُ المُـلكُ ولهُ الحَمْـد، وهُوَ على كلّ شَيءٍ قدير ، رَبِّ أسْـأَلُـكَ خَـيرَ ما في هـذهِ اللَّـيْلَةِ وَخَـيرَ ما بَعْـدَهـا ، وَأَعـوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَـرِّ هـذهِ اللَّـيْلةِ وَشَرِّ ما بَعْـدَهـا ، رَبِّ أَعـوذُبِكَ مِنَ الْكَسَـلِ وَسـوءِ الْكِـبَر ، رَبِّ أَعـوذُبِكَ مِنْ عَـذابٍ في النّـارِ وَعَـذابٍ في القَـبْر .   ...likewise, one says in the morning: أَصْـبَحْنا وَأَصْـبَحَ المُـلْكُ لله... 'We have reached the evening and at this very time unto Allah belongs all sovereignty, and all praise is for Allah. None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, alone, without a partner, to Him belongs all sovereignty and praise and He is over all things omnipotent. My Lord, I ask You for the good of this night and the good of what follows it and I take refuge in You from the evil of this night and the evil of what follows it. My Lord, I take refuge in You from laziness and senility. My Lord, I take refuge in You from torment in the Fire and punishment in the grave.'   'We have reached the morning and at this very time unto Allah belongs all sovereignty...' 76 اللّهُـمَّ بِكَ أَصْـبَحْنا وَبِكَ أَمْسَـينا ، وَبِكَ نَحْـيا وَبِكَ نَمـوتُ وَإِلَـيْكَ النِّـشور . In the evening: اللّهُـمَّ بِكَ أَمْسَـينا، وَبِكَ أَصْـبَحْنا، وَبِكَ نَحْـيا، وَبِكَ نَمـوتُ وَإِلَـيْكَ المَصـير . 'O Allah, by your leave we have reached the morning and by Your leave, we have reached the evening, by Your leave we live and die and unto You is our resurrection.' 'O Allah, by Your leave we have reached the evening and by Your leave, we have reached the morning, by Your leave we live and die and unto You is our return.' 77 اللّهـمَّ أَنْتَ رَبِّـي لا إلهَ إلاّ أَنْتَ ، خَلَقْتَنـي وَأَنا عَبْـدُك ، وَأَنا عَلـى عَهْـدِكَ وَوَعْـدِكَ ما اسْتَـطَعْـت ، أَعـوذُبِكَ مِنْ شَـرِّ ما صَنَـعْت ، أَبـوءُ لَـكَ بِنِعْـمَتِـكَ عَلَـيَّ وَأَبـوءُ بِذَنْـبي فَاغْفـِرْ لي فَإِنَّـهُ لا يَغْـفِرُ الذُّنـوبَ إِلاّ أَنْتَ O Allah, You are my Lord, none has the right to be worshipped except You, You created me and I am Your servant and I abide by Your covenant and promise as best I can, I take refuge in You from the evil of which I have committed. I acknowledge Your favor upon me and I acknowledge my sin, so forgive me, for verily none can forgive sin except You. 78 اللّهُـمَّ إِنِّـي أَصْبَـحْتُ أَُشْـهِدُك ، وَأُشْـهِدُ حَمَلَـةَ عَـرْشِـك ، وَمَلائِكَتِك ، وَجَمـيعَ خَلْـقِك ، أَنَّـكَ أَنْـتَ اللهُ لا إلهَ إلاّ أَنْـتَ وَحْـدَكَ لا شَريكَ لَـك ، وَأَنَّ ُ مُحَمّـداً عَبْـدُكَ وَرَسـولُـك .(أربع مرات حينَ يصْبِح أوْ يمسي) O Allah, verily I have reached the morning and call on You, the bearers of Your throne, Your angles, and all of Your creation to witness that You are Allah, none has the right to be worshipped except You, alone, without a partner and that Muhammad is Your Servant and Messenger. (Four times in the morning and evening.) Note: for the evening, one reads (Ramsay) instead of (asbahtu). 79 اللّهُـمَّ ما أَصْبَـَحَ بي مِـنْ نِعْـمَةٍ أَو بِأَحَـدٍ مِـنْ خَلْـقِك ، فَمِـنْكَ وَحْـدَكَ لا شريكَ لَـك ، فَلَـكَ الْحَمْـدُ وَلَـكَ الشُّكْـر O Allah, what blessing I or any of Your creation have risen upon, is from You alone, without a partner, so for You is all praise and unto You all thanks.' ....whoever says this in the morning has indeed offered his day’s thanks and whoever says this in the evening has indeed offered his night’s thanks. Note: for the evening, one reads (amsa) instead of (asbaha). 80 اللّهُـمَّ عافِـني في بَدَنـي ، اللّهُـمَّ عافِـني في سَمْـعي ، اللّهُـمَّ عافِـني في بَصَـري ، لا إلهَ إلاّ أَنْـتَ . (ثلاثاً) اللّهُـمَّ إِنّـي أَعـوذُبِكَ مِنَ الْكُـفر ، وَالفَـقْر ، وَأَعـوذُبِكَ مِنْ عَذابِ القَـبْر ، لا إلهَ إلاّ أَنْـتَ . (ثلاثاً) ‘O Allah, grant my body health, O Allah, grant my hearing health, O Allah, grant my sight health. None has the right to be worshipped except You.’ (three times) ‘O Allah, I take refuge with You from disbelief and poverty, and I take refuge with You from the punishment of the grave. None has the right to be worshipped except You.’ (three times) 81 حَسْبِـيَ اللّهُ لا إلهَ إلاّ هُوَ عَلَـيهِ تَوَكَّـلتُ وَهُوَ رَبُّ العَرْشِ العَظـيم. ( سبع مَرّات حينَ يصْبِح وَيمسي) Allah is Sufficient for me, none has the right to be worshipped except Him, upon Him I rely and He is Lord of the exalted throne. (seven times morning and evening) 82 اَعـوذُبِكَلِمـاتِ اللّهِ التّـامّـاتِ مِنْ شَـرِّ ما خَلَـق. (ثلاثاً إِذا أمسى) I take refuge in Allah’s perfect words from the evil He has created. (three times in the evening) 83 للّهُـمَّ إِنِّـي أسْـأَلُـكَ العَـفْوَ وَالعـافِـيةَ في الدُّنْـيا وَالآخِـرَة ، اللّهُـمَّ إِنِّـي أسْـأَلُـكَ العَـفْوَ وَالعـافِـيةَ في ديني وَدُنْـيايَ وَأهْـلي وَمالـي ، اللّهُـمَّ اسْتُـرْ عـوْراتي وَآمِـنْ رَوْعاتـي ، اللّهُـمَّ احْفَظْـني مِن بَـينِ يَدَيَّ وَمِن خَلْفـي وَعَن يَمـيني وَعَن شِمـالي ، وَمِن فَوْقـي ، وَأَعـوذُ بِعَظَمَـتِكَ أَن أُغْـتالَ مِن تَحْتـي ‘O Allah, I ask You for pardon and well-being in this life and the next. O Allah, I ask You for pardon and well-being in my religious and worldly affairs, and my family and my wealth. O Allah, veil my weaknesses and set at ease my dismay. O Allah, preserve me from the front and from behind and on my right and on my left and from above, and I take refuge with You lest I be swallowed up by the earth.’ 84 اللّهُـمَّ عالِـمَ الغَـيْبِ وَالشّـهادَةِ فاطِـرَ السّماواتِ وَالأرْضِ رَبَّ كـلِّ شَـيءٍ وَمَليـكَه ، أَشْهَـدُ أَنْ لا إِلـهَ إِلاّ أَنْت ، أَعـوذُ بِكَ مِن شَـرِّ نَفْسـي وَمِن شَـرِّ الشَّيْـطانِ وَشِـرْكِه ، وَأَنْ أَقْتَـرِفَ عَلـى نَفْسـي سوءاً أَوْ أَجُـرَّهُ إِلـى مُسْـلِم ‘O Allah, Knower of the unseen and the seen, Creator of the heavens and the Earth, Lord, and Sovereign of all things, I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except You. I take refuge in You from the evil of my soul and from the evil and shirk of the devil, and from committing wrong against my soul or bringing such upon another Muslim.’ shirk: to associate others with Allah in those things which are specific to Him. This can occur in (1) belief, e.g. to believe that other than Allah has the power to benefit or harm, (2) speech, e.g. to swear by other than Allah, and (3) action, e.g. to bow or prostrate to other than Allah. 85 بِسـمِ اللهِ الذي لا يَضُـرُّ مَعَ اسمِـهِ شَيءٌ في الأرْضِ وَلا في السّمـاءِ وَهـوَ السّمـيعُ العَلـيم . (ثلاثاً) ‘In the name of Allah with whose name nothing is harmed on earth nor in the heavens and He is The All-Seeing, The All-Knowing.’ (three times) 86 رَضيـتُ بِاللهِ رَبَّـاً وَبِالإسْلامِ ديـناً وَبِمُحَـمَّدٍ نَبِيّـاً. (ثلاثاً) ‘I am pleased with Allah as a Lord, and Islam as a religion and Muhammad (PBUH) as a Prophet.’ (three times) 87 سُبْحـانَ اللهِ وَبِحَمْـدِهِ عَدَدَ خَلْـقِه ، وَرِضـا نَفْسِـه ، وَزِنَـةَ عَـرْشِـه ، وَمِـدادَ كَلِمـاتِـه . (ثلاثاً) ‘How perfect Allah is and I praise Him by the number of His creation and His pleasure, and by the weight of His throne, and the ink of His words.’(three times) 88 سُبْحـانَ اللهِ وَبِحَمْـدِهِ. (مائة مرة) ‘How perfect Allah is and I praise Him.’(one hundred times) 89 يا حَـيُّ يا قَيّـومُ بِـرَحْمَـتِكِ أَسْتَـغـيث ، أَصْلِـحْ لي شَـأْنـي كُلَّـه ، وَلا تَكِلـني إِلى نَفْـسي طَـرْفَةَ عَـين ‘O Ever-Living, O Self-Subsisting and Supporter of all, by Your mercy I seek assistance, rectify for me all of my affairs and do not leave me to myself, even for the blink of an eye.’ 90 لا إلهَ إلاّ اللّهُ وحْـدَهُ لا شَـريكَ لهُ، لهُ المُـلْكُ ولهُ الحَمْـد، وهُوَ على كُلّ شَيءٍ قَدير . (مائة مرة) ‘None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, alone, without a partner, to Him belongs all sovereignty and praise, and He is over all things omnipotent.’ (one hundred times every day) 91 أَصْبَـحْـنا وَأَصْبَـحْ المُـلكُ للهِ رَبِّ العـالَمـين ، اللّهُـمَّ إِنِّـي أسْـأَلُـكَ خَـيْرَ هـذا الـيَوْم ، فَـتْحَهُ ، وَنَصْـرَهُ ، وَنـورَهُ وَبَـرَكَتَـهُ ، وَهُـداهُ ، وَأَعـوذُ بِـكَ مِـنْ شَـرِّ ما فـيهِ وَشَـرِّ ما بَعْـدَه   For the evening, the supplication is read as follows: أَمْسَيْـنا وَأَمْسـى المُـلكُ للهِ رَبِّ العـالَمـين ، اللّهُـمَّ إِنِّـي أسْـأَلُـكَ خَـيْرَ هـذهِ اللَّـيْلَة ، فَتْحَهـا ، وَنَصْـرَهـا ، وَنـورَهـا وَبَـرَكَتَـهـا ، وَهُـداهـا ، وَأَعـوذُ بِـكَ مِـنْ شَـرِّ ما فـيهـاِ وَشَـرِّ ما بَعْـدَهـا ‘We have reached the evening and at this very time, all sovereignty belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds. O Allah, I ask You for the good of tonight, its triumphs and its victories, it's light and its blessings and its guidance, and I take refuge in You from the evil of tonight and the evil that follows it.’ 92 The messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: ‘Whoever says in the morning: لا إلهَ إلاّ اللّهُ وحْـدَهُ لا شَريكَ لهُ، لهُ المُلكُ ولهُ الحَمْد، وهُوَ على كُلّ شَيءٍ قَـدير ‘None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, alone, without a partner, to Him belongs all sovereignty and praise and He is over all things omnipotent.’ 93 أَصْـبَحْنا علـى فِطْـرَةِ الإسْلام ، وَعَلـى كَلِـمَةِ الإخْـلاص ، وَعلـى دينِ نَبِـيِّنا مُحَـمَّدٍ وَعَاـى مِلَّـةِ أبينـا إِبْـراهيـمَ حَنيـفاً مُسْلِـماً وَمـا كـانَ مِنَ المُشـرِكيـن We rise upon the fitnah of Islam, and the word of pure faith, and upon the religion of our Prophet Muhammad and the religion of our forefather Ibraheem, who was a Muslim and of the true faith and was not of those who associate others with Allah.’ fitrah: the religion of Islam, the way of Ibraheem (PBUH), pure faith: the Shahada. 94 Abdullah Ibn Khubaib said: ‘The Messenger of Allah said to me ‘Recite!’ I replied ‘O Messenger of Allah, what shall I recite?’ he said ‘Recite: قُـلْ هُـوَ اللهُ أَحَـدٌ [ الإِخْـلاصْ ] قُـلْ أَعـوذُ بِرَبِّ الفَلَـقِ [ الفَلَـقْ ] قُـلْ أَعـوذُ بِرَبِّ النّـاسِ [ الـنّاس ] ...in the evening and the morning, three times for it will suffice you of all else.